What is the significance of john marshall

After viewing the video clips, legacy clip, and reporting out to the entire class, have students write an essay or similar culminating activity explaining the significance of John Marshall's tenure as Chief Justice. Students should focus on his impact to the judiciary, constitutional interpretation, and how he transformed the United States, citing specific examples from the videos and class discussion.

Suggested outline for a moot court can be found here: Conducting a Moot Court. August 6, Then, as a class, view the video clip and discuss the following questions: Video Clip: Influence of Chief Justice John Marshall Jeffrey Rosen spoke about the influence of former Chief Justice John Marshall, who served from Describe the circumstances surrounding John Marshall being named to the Supreme Court. Describe the political principles being debated during the election of between Thomas Jefferson and John Adams.

What role did John Marshall play in the events of and following the election of ? How did Thomas Jefferson react to these events once he became president?

Explain the main differences in constitutional beliefs between the Federalists and Republicans. In what ways was John Marshall seen as a more moderate Federalist in his beliefs? Describe how the beliefs of Thomas Jefferson and the Republicans contrasted with those of John Marshall.

Explain why he advised this. He built his law practice's success by defending clients against British creditors who attempted to collect debts incurred during British colonial rule, prior to the American Revolution. Marshall began his career in government by representing Fauquier County in the General Assembly for a single term. He would return to the position in , and again in Marshall ran for city council in , but came in second and was made city recorder instead. One of his duties as city recorder was to act as magistrate on the Richmond Hustings Court, where he presided over small criminal and civil court cases.

Through this position, Marshall established a reputation for being a fair and modest man who communicated clearly and based his decisions on the common good. In , Marshall became a delegate to the state convention that had been formed to ratify the United States' Constitution.

He was a powerful advocate for replacing the Articles of Confederation with the Constitution. In , Marshall was invited to join the U. Supreme Court. Still thriving and content with his private practice at the time, however, he turned down the position, but agreed to participate in a diplomatic mission that was dubbed the "XYZ Affair. In France, Marshall's commission was turned away by French officials, who demanded they be bribed. Marshall staunchly refused.

Following his refusal, he became known and liked for the slogan, "Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute," though the line had actually been uttered by Marshall's fellow convoy, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney. In , Marshall was elected to a seat in the U. House of Representatives, a position he would hold only briefly, as he was appointed secretary of state under President John Adams in Marshall had previously received many job offers under Washington's and Adams's administrations, but, until , had always declined the opportunities.

Later in life, from to , Marshall also served as a delegate to the Virginia Constitutional Convention , along with his former Campbell classmate, Monroe.

One of Marshall's first landmark cases was Marbury v. Madison , which established the basis of judicial review. The case went to the Supreme Court in , following a hostile history: Toward the end of John Adams' term while Marshall was serving as secretary of state , Adams had made William Marbury justice of the peace for the District of Columbia.

Instead of handing over the commission to Marbury himself, Marshall left the document for his successor as secretary of state, James Madison , to deliver. However, once Thomas Jefferson , Adams'spolitical adversary, took office as president, Jefferson forbade Madison to deliver the commission because it had been drawn up by Adams' supporters.

Marbury responded by filing a lawsuit, requesting that the Supreme Court issue a court order forcing Madison to give the commission to Marbury.

Marshall ruled that the Supreme Court lacked the power to make Madison hand over the commission, although he thought that Marbury had the right to have it.

In the process, Marshall determined that Section 13 of the Judiciary Act of — authorizing the Supreme Court to issue writs to government officials — was unconstitutional. Additionally, he concluded that all laws conflicting with the Constitution should be from then on rendered "null and void.

To Jefferson's chagrin, Marshall ruled that the prosecution lacked sufficient evidence to prove treason, and charged Burr with a high misdemeanor instead. Secretary Marshall reasserted a policy of nonalignment regarding the European powers during a critical period. He split with other Federalists, such as Alexander Hamilton , and supported ongoing efforts to negotiate with France following the humiliating XYZ Affair.

He backed the Convention of between the United States and France, which finally ended the undeclared naval war between the two countries. Recognizing the limitations of U.

He also experienced frustration when negotiating with the Spanish who disregarded U. Menu Menu. John Marshall - People - Department History.