This will be incubated under ideal growth conditions for several days. A colony of gonorrhea bacteria will grow if gonorrhea is present. A preliminary result may be ready within 24 hours. A final result will take up to 3 days. People with a vagina are at greater risk for long-term complications from an untreated transmission.
Untreated, the bacteria may ascend up the reproductive tract and involve the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. This condition is known as pelvic inflammatory disease PID and can cause severe and chronic pain and damage to the reproductive organs. Women may also develop blocking or scarring of the fallopian tubes, which can prevent future pregnancy or cause ectopic pregnancy. An ectopic pregnancy is when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus. Gonorrhea may also pass to a newborn infant during delivery.
People with a penis may experience scarring of the urethra. Gonorrhea may also cause a painful abscess to develop in the interior of the penis. This can cause reduced fertility or sterility. When gonorrhea spreads to the bloodstream, arthritis , heart valve damage, or inflammation of the lining of the brain or spinal cord may occur. These are rare but serious conditions.
Modern antibiotics can cure most gonorrhea transmissions. Most states also provide free diagnosis and treatment at state-sponsored health clinics. Anyone who thinks they may have acquired gonorrhea from a partner should seek care from a healthcare professional.
Gonorrhea is usually treated with an antibiotic injection of ceftriaxone one time to the buttocks and a single dose of azithromycin by mouth. Once on antibiotics, you should feel relief within days. The law requires healthcare professionals to report the diagnosis, usually to the county public health department. Public health officials will identify, contact, test, and treat any sexual partners of the person diagnosed to help prevent the spread.
Health officials will also contact other people these individuals may have had sexual contact with. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of gonorrhea is a growing challenge.
These cases may require more extensive treatment, with a 7-day course of an oral antibiotic or dual therapy with two different antibiotics, usually for a total of 7 days of therapy. The antibiotics used for extended therapy are usually given once or twice a day.
If infected semen or vaginal fluid comes into contact with the eyes, you can also develop conjunctivitis. Infection in the rectum can cause discomfort, pain or discharge. Infection in the eyes can cause irritation, pain, swelling and discharge, and infection in the throat usually causes no symptoms.
It's important to be tested for gonorrhoea if you think there's a chance you're infected, even if you have no obvious symptoms or the symptoms have gone away on their own. If gonorrhoea is left undiagnosed and untreated, you can continue to spread the infection and there's a risk of potentially serious complications, including infertility. The doctor will ask the person about their symptoms and medical history. They will also order a test, which might require a urine sample or a swab of the penis, cervix, urethra, anus, or throat.
Home testing kits are also available for purchase online. A person using a home kit sends their sample to a lab and receives the results directly. If the result is positive, they need to see a doctor for treatment, and the doctor may wish to do another test to confirm the result. It is crucial to use the kit exactly as instructed or the result may not be accurate. Because the tests can vary in accuracy, it is better to see a healthcare provider, if possible.
If one person has a diagnosis of gonorrhea, their sexual partner or partners should also receive testing. Learn more about other STIs and how to spot them. Anyone with gonorrhea needs treatment to stop the infection from progressing. The treatment typically involves antibiotics. It cannot repair any problems that the infection has already caused, so it is important to receive treatment as soon as possible.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC recommend a single dose of milligrams of intramuscular ceftriaxone Rocephin and 1 gram of oral azithromycin Zithromax. These are different types of antibiotics. The CDC urge people to take all the medication that a doctor prescribes and to avoid sharing it with anyone else. However, Neisseria gonorrhoeae , the bacteria that cause gonorrhea, have developed resistance to nearly all the antibiotics that doctors have traditionally used to treat it.
This resistance is making gonorrhea increasingly difficult to treat. If a person does not notice any improvement in their symptoms after several days, they should return to their healthcare provider.
They may need further testing to determine whether the treatment is working. A person should also attend any follow-up appointments and avoid having sex until a healthcare provider says that it is safe to do so. If gonorrhea occurs during pregnancy, it is essential to let the healthcare team know. The infection can pass on to the baby during delivery, so the newborn will usually need antibiotics right away. Some newborns develop conjunctivitis, and gonorrhea is one possible cause.
The symptoms usually appear 2—4 days after birth and include red eyes, thick pus in the eyes, and swollen eyelids. If any of these symptoms arise, seek medical attention immediately. They can also result from a more serious condition, such as meningitis or bacteremia.
Gonorrhea can pass from person to person through sexual contact that involves the penis, vagina, anus, or mouth.
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